CVE-2026-112401
Pillow is a Python imaging library. From 5.4.0 until 13.0.0, Pillow performs quadratic copying while parsing GIF comments. GifImageFile._see
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Published: Oct 19, 2026 · Last modified: Oct 19, 2026 · CWE-407
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Pillow is a Python imaging library. From 5.4.0 until 13.0.0, Pillow performs quadratic copying while parsing GIF comments. GifImageFile._seek() repeatedly appends immutable bytes for comment sub-blocks and multiple comment extensions, and frame zero is parsed during Image.open(). An attacker can submit a small-dimension GIF containing many comment extensions to any application that opens the file. This can consume excessive CPU and deny service before the application can inspect the image. This issue is fixed in version 13.0.0.
CVECVSSEPSSKEVRExploitTitleMod.
CVE-2026-112894——
——0Pillow is a Python imaging library. From 5.1.0 until 13.0.0, Pillow takes quadratic time to reserve PDF object identifiers when saving many frames with save_all enabled. PdfParser.next_object_id() repeatedly rebuilds and scans all previously reserved identifiers for every object. An attacker can supply a multi-frame image, including a small APNG with a large declared frame count, to an application that converts it to a multipage PDF. This can consume excessive CPU and deny service. This issue is fixed in version 13.0.0.12hCVE-2026-112891——
——0Pillow is a Python imaging library. From 9.2.0 until 13.0.0, Pillow performs quadratic copying when saving a GIF with a long comment. _get_global_header() repeatedly copies portions of comment data while assembling the global header, including comments retained from an untrusted input image. An attacker can supply an image with a large GIF comment to an application that saves it as GIF. This can consume excessive CPU and delay or deny service. This issue is fixed in version 13.0.0.12hCVE-2026-1117663.7 LOW—
——0markdown-it is a Markdown parser. Prior to 14.3.3 and 15.0.3, when the html option or commonmark preset is enabled and the constructs occur inside a paragraph, attacker-controlled Markdown containing repeated unterminated inline HTML comments, processing instructions, declarations, or CDATA sections reaches src/rules_inline/html_inline.ts. Its HTML_TAG_RE match searches the remaining suffix for the appropriate terminator; when no terminator is present, parsing advances to the next opener and repeats the match over overlapping input, causing quadratic processing and denial of service through event-loop blocking or an unresponsive browser main thread. HTML blocks and the default HTML-disabled configuration are not affected by these payloads. This issue is fixed in versions 14.3.3 and 15.0.3.14hCVE-2026-110688——
——0Cpanel::JSON::XS versions from 4.51 before 4.80 for Perl allow quadratic CPU use by revalidating the remaining buffer per value in incr_parse.
At the first non-ASCII byte in a string, the decoder validates UTF-8 from there to the end of its input. incr_parse decodes each buffered value with a fresh decoder, so every value revalidates the rest of the buffer, and doubling the input quadruples the work.
A peer that sends about a megabyte of ordinary non-ASCII JSON in one read ties up the process for seconds of CPU time.14hCVE-2026-1117597.5 HIG—
——0markdown-it is a Markdown parser. Prior to 14.3.2 and 15.0.2, when typographer: true is enabled, specially crafted Markdown can cause quadratic processing time in the smartquotes rule, potentially leading to denial of service in applications processing untrusted input. Many opening double quotes followed by unmatched closing single quotes cause repeated scans of the entire opener stack. The same issue occurs with the quote types reversed. The default configuration (typographer: false) is not affected, but this option is enabled with high probability. This issue is fixed in versions 14.3.2 and 15.0.2.14hCVE-2026-110755—8.3%
——2Text::CSV_XS versions before 1.65 for Perl allow quadratic CPU use by copying the unparsed remainder per record of CR-only input in getline.
With eol unset, the default, getline reads with Perl's default line separator, so input with CR-only line endings arrives as one chunk. After each record the parser copies the whole unparsed remainder into a new buffer, which the next call parses and copies again, so the work grows with the square of the input size.
A reader with default options that is sent CSV with classic Mac line endings spends seconds of CPU time on a megabyte of input.14h