CVE WatchNov 12, 2026

CVE-2026-126350

Addressable is an alternative implementation to the URI implementation that is part of Ruby's standard library. From 2.3.0 until 2.9.1, URI

CVSS

5.9

Medium

EPSS

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KEV

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Exploit Today

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0-100

Published: Nov 12, 2026 · Last modified: Nov 12, 2026 · CWE-1333

EPSS · 30d

Not enough EPSS history yet.

Technical description

Addressable is an alternative implementation to the URI implementation that is part of Ruby's standard library. From 2.3.0 until 2.9.1, URI template expressions using the explode modifier with the slash, dot, semicolon, question-mark, or ampersand operators generate ambiguous regular expressions. When Template#match or Template#extract processes an attacker-controlled URI beginning with the operator's leading character, optional member separators allow catastrophic backtracking and denial of service on MRI Ruby before 3.2 and JRuby. Addressable 2.9.0 incompletely remediated the earlier template issue because its tests did not reach these operator-prefixed paths. URI parsing and Template#expand are unaffected. This issue is fixed in version 2.9.1.

Official references

Related CVEs

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———Addressable is an alternative implementation to the URI implementation that is part of Ruby's standard library. From 2.3.0 until 2.9.1, URI template expressions containing several exploded variables generate ambiguous regular expressions that can divide a run of members among the variables in polynomially many ways. Template#match or Template#extract processing of an attacker-controlled URI can therefore consume a thread and cause denial of service. The flaw affects MRI Ruby before 3.2 and JRuby, TruffleRuby 40.0, and plus or number-sign expressions on MRI Ruby 3.2. MRI Ruby 3.3 and later, URI parsing, and Template#expand are unaffected. This issue is fixed in version 2.9.1.4h CVE-2026-1263525.9 MED

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———Addressable is an alternative implementation to the URI implementation that is part of Ruby's standard library. From 2.3.0 until 2.9.1, URI templates with several variables in one expression or several adjacent expressions generate ambiguous regular expressions. Affected forms include multi-variable expressions using operators other than plus and number sign, large plus or number-sign expressions, and adjacent single-variable expressions. Template#match or Template#extract can backtrack polynomially or exponentially on attacker-controlled URIs, causing denial of service on MRI Ruby before 3.2 and JRuby, with the large plus and number-sign form also affecting MRI Ruby 3.2 and TruffleRuby 40.0. URI parsing and Template#expand are unaffected. This issue is fixed in version 2.9.1.4h CVE-2026-1262055.3 MED

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———Loofah is a general library for manipulating and transforming HTML/XML documents and fragments, built on top of Nokogiri. Prior to 2.25.3, the Loofah HTML5 sanitizer checks href and xlink:href on elements in SVG_ALLOW_LOCAL_HREF with a regular expression whose line anchor and newline-matching whitespace cause an all-whitespace value to be rescanned from every line start. An attacker can submit an SVG reference element with a long multiline-whitespace attribute and consume CPU quadratically during sanitization. CRuby 3.1 and earlier and JRuby are affected, while CRuby 3.2 and later uses linear-time regular-expression matching. The default safelist reaches the vulnerable check without a configuration change. This issue is fixed in version 2.25.3.5h CVE-2026-1261917.5 HIG

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———Soup Sieve is a CSS selector library designed to be used with Beautiful Soup 4. Prior to 3.0, the CSS_ESCAPES and IDENTIFIER regular-expression subpatterns can backtrack exponentially on runs of ambiguous digit escapes in an attribute-name or tag position of an otherwise valid selector. The failure occurs during selector compilation through soupsieve.compile() or Beautiful Soup select() before SELECTOR_LIMIT is applied, so an application that accepts untrusted selector strings can have a worker stalled by a short input. This issue is fixed in version 3.0.8h CVE-2026-61619—

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