CVE-2026-81020
wolfEngine before 1.4.1 generates the 8-byte explicit AES-GCM nonce once when the TLS write key is set and never increments it per record. A
CVSS
7.4
Alto
EPSS
0.4%
p32
KEV
—
Exploit Today
10
0-100
Publicado: 28 ago 2026 · Última mod.: 29 sept 2026 · CWE-323
0.4%EPSS · 30 días0.4%
2026-10-022026-10-30
wolfEngine before 1.4.1 generates the 8-byte explicit AES-GCM nonce once when the TLS write key is set and never increments it per record. As a result every TLS 1.2 and DTLS 1.2 AES-GCM record within a connection is encrypted under an identical key and nonce pair. Reusing a GCM key and nonce discloses the keystream (the XOR of two ciphertexts equals the XOR of their plaintexts, so one known record recovers the others) and leaks the GHASH authentication key, enabling authentication tag forgery. AES-CCM, TLS 1.3, and non-TLS use of the cipher are not affected.
CVECVSSEPSSKEVRExplotTítuloVis.
CVE-2026-71884—16.8%
——5In Bouncy Castle for Java LTS before 2.73.13, the native one-shot CTR packet cipher did not check that the requested input length fitted the counter space the IV left. In CTR mode the IV and the block counter share one 16-byte block, so an IV of 13 to 15 bytes leaves a counter of only 1 to 3 bytes, addressing 256, 65536 or 16777216 blocks respectively. Given a longer input the counter wrapped and the keystream repeated from the start of the same packet, and the call then returned the full input length as though every byte had been correctly transformed. Two segments of the message were therefore encrypted under the same keystream, so their plaintexts can be recovered from the ciphertext alone, without the key, while the caller saw neither an exception nor a short length to indicate it. The streaming implementation validates at init and again while processing, and the portable AESCTRPacketCipher rejects such a request with "Counter in CTR/SIC mode out of range.", but the native one-shot path has a single entry point and performed no counter-range validation there. It now preflights the IV-derived counter range and rejects an over-long request before any output is written, so the operation is failure-atomic and never reports success for bytes it did not correctly transform. A counter of four bytes or more cannot be exhausted by a Java int length and is unaffected, as is a full 16-byte IV, where the counter range is the caller's responsibility. Bouncy Castle for Java (bcprov) is not affected, as it ships no native implementations.16dCVE-2026-158905.3 MED0.1%
——0The default AEAD nonce provider for the PSA Internal Trusted Storage transform module, secure_storage_its_transform_aead_get_nonce() in subsys/secure_storage/src/its/transform/aead_get.c, stores its nonce counter in unsynchronized function-local static variables (s_nonce and s_nonce_initialized). Every ITS write obtains its AES-GCM or ChaCha20-Poly1305 nonce here via secure_storage_its_transform_to_store().
Because the function held no lock, two threads calling it concurrently race on the shared statics: the initialization path (psa_generate_random() followed by memcpy()) and the non-atomic increment-then-copy path can each hand the same nonce value to two distinct encryption operations, and can lose increments so the counter repeats values it was designed never to repeat. The ITS layer (secure_storage_its_set() in subsys/secure_storage/src/its/implementation.c) performs no serialization of its own, so concurrent same-UID writes reach the racy provider directly.
Reusing a nonce with the same key under AES-GCM or ChaCha20-Poly1305 is a catastrophic AEAD failure: it leaks the XOR of the two plaintexts (ITS routinely stores secrets, including PSA persistent keys) and, for GCM, exposes the authentication key, enabling forgery of stored entries. Because the AEAD key is derived per entry UID, the security-relevant collision is two concurrent writes to the same UID both receiving the same nonce; an adversary able to read the raw backing storage can then exploit the reuse.
Both ITS store back-ends shipped with Zephyr, zms.c and the settings/NVS back-end in settings.c, are log-structured flash stores with deferred garbage collection, so an entry superseded by a rewrite remains physically present in the partition until its sector is reclaimed. Two same-UID writes that race therefore leave both ciphertexts readable in the raw image at once, which is the condition the nonce reuse needs to be exploitable. The trigger remains narrow: both built-in key providers (DEVICE_ID_HASH and ENTRY_UID_HASH) salt the derived key with the entry UID, so reuse across different UIDs is harmless, and the exposure requires an application that writes the same UID concurrently from two threads.
The fix serializes the provider with a K_MUTEX_DEFINE(s_nonce_mutex) held for the duration of nonce generation.16dCVE-2026-813416.5 MED24.8%
——7wolfEngine before 1.4.1 sources the explicit AES-CCM nonce for TLS 1.2 and DTLS 1.2 records from the record input buffer instead of the TLS sequence number carried in the additional authenticated data. Because the record layer leaves the explicit-nonce field for the cipher to populate, the value read is constant across records, so every AES-CCM record within a connection is encrypted under an identical key and nonce pair. Reusing a CCM key and nonce weakens confidentiality (identical keystream across records, so a known record recovers the others) and integrity (authentication tag forgery). Only wolfEngine is affected; wolfProvider is not. AES-GCM under wolfEngine is tracked separately. AES-CCM cipher suites are not enabled by default and must be explicitly selected, which limits exposure. TLS 1.3 and non-TLS use of the cipher are not affected.32dCVE-2026-810197.4 ALT32.4%
——10wolfProvider before 1.2.2 generates the 8-byte explicit AES-GCM nonce once when the TLS write key is set and never increments it per record. As a result every TLS 1.2 and DTLS 1.2 AES-GCM record within a connection is encrypted under an identical key and nonce pair. Reusing a GCM key and nonce discloses the keystream (the XOR of two ciphertexts equals the XOR of their plaintexts, so one known record recovers the others) and leaks the GHASH authentication key, enabling authentication tag forgery. AES-CCM, TLS 1.3, and non-TLS use of the cipher are not affected.32dCVE-2026-505777.4 ALT43.8%
——13ePA 3.x Integration implements the authorization workflow and writes Medical Information Objects to Germany's electronic patient record. Prior to 1.3.0, ePA 3.x Integration leaves request_counter unchanged in app/vau/VAUProtokoll.py while constructing VAU messages. The frozen client request counter causes the server side to reuse AES-GCM nonce and key combinations across responses. A network attacker who collects repeated ciphertexts can recover the XOR of plaintexts and use predictable inner HTTP headers and JSON fields to recover sensitive data, including patient health records. Repeated nonces can also enable recovery of the GHASH authentication key through the Joux forbidden attack, allowing forged AES-GCM messages and injection of malicious responses. The response-counter check also fails to maintain last_response_counter, weakening replay and ordering validation. This issue is fixed in version 1.3.0.9dCVE-2026-17578—15.7%
——5Kong Event Gateway versions 1.0.0 through 1.1.1 and 1.2.0 do not enforce key rotation before reaching NIST SP 800-38D recommended usage limit for AES-GCM encryption keys with random nonces when the AWS IAM encryption feature is enabled.
If a producer sends messages at a sustained high rate without key rotation, which only occurs on reboot of the Kong Event Gateway instance, the probability of a nonce collision becomes non-negligible. An authorized consumer who detects a nonce collision can recover parts of plaintext from the affected messages.
New versions 1.1.2 and 1.2.1 enforce automatic key rotation before the recommended usage limit is reached.8d