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CVECVSSEPSSKEVRExplotTítuloVis.
CVE-2026-989747.8 ALT5.5%
——2In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
xfs: fix exchange-range-to-eof file size exchange
Norbert Szetei posted a patch containing an incomplete description of a
bug in XFS_IOC_EXCHANGE_RANGE's TO_EOF flag. The bug tricks
exchange-range into modifying a file so that it has shared blocks
starting beyond EOF, which is never allowed because files never have
written data beyond EOF, and you can only share written data blocks.
This is key to all the incorrect behavior that follows.
Eventually I got from Norbert a description of what's going wrong:
> Fair. Here it is with physical block numbers, 4k blocks. peer is the file
> that gets rewritten and file1 is the one that ends up with the flag
> cleared.
>
> Start, nothing shared:
>
> peer size 4096 -> [100]
> file1 size 12288 -> [200] [201] [202]
> donor1 size 4096 -> [300]
> donor2 size 4096 -> [400]
>
> 1. FICLONERANGE peer's block into file1's middle slot:
>
> peer size 4096 -> [100]
> file1 size 12288 -> [200] [100] [202] reflink flag set
> ^^^^^ both files own block 100
>
> 2. XFS_IOC_EXCHANGE_RANGE file1 against donor1, file1_offset 0,
> file2_offset 8192, length 0, TO_EOF. One block is exchanged, and the sizes
> are exchanged with it:
>
> file1 size 4096 -> [200] [100] [300] reflink flag set
> ^^^^^^^^^^^ still owned, now past the size
> donor1 size 12288 -> [202]
>
> file1 says it is one block long while it still owns three. Nothing was
> unmapped. file2_offset is block 2, so this exchange cannot clear a flag.
>
> 3. XFS_IOC_EXCHANGE_RANGE file1 against donor2, both offsets 0, length 4096.
> By i_disk_size this is two one-block files exchanging everything, so
> xmi_can_exchange_reflink_flags() agrees and the flag is cleared:
>
> file1 size 4096 -> [400] [100] [300] reflink flag CLEARED
> donor2 size 4096 -> [200]
>
> Block 100 is still shared with peer.
>
> 4. pwrite(file1, 4096, 4096), which is file1's second slot, block 100.
> xfs_is_cow_inode(file1) is false, so no CoW:
>
> peer size 4096 -> [100] same block, new contents
>
> Block 100 is the only one that matters here. PoC below, it reads a file
> called peer in the current directory. The filesystem needs reflink and
> exchange-range, which mkfs.xfs 7.x turns on by default.
So yes, TO_EOF is screwing up the file size even if it's actually
exchanging the data block correctly. The following is the intended
behavior of XFS_EXCHANGE_RANGE_TO_EOF, as described by its manpage:
"Ignore the length parameter. All bytes in file1_fd from file1_offset
to EOF are moved to file2_fd, and file2's size is set to
(file2_offset+(file1_length-file1_offset)). Meanwhile, all bytes in
file2 from file2_offset to EOF are moved to file1 and file1's size is
set to (file1_offset+(file2_length-file2_offset))."
In other words, if we only exchange a portion of the file data, then we
should only exchange the portion of the file size that relates to the
exchanged data. Unfortunately, the code swaps the ondisk file size and
the incore file sizes, which is incorrect if the caller passes in a
nonzero offset.
Having confused the file sizes, the PoC uses a second exchange-range
call on what looks like a non-reflinked single-block file. Because the
file size is set incorrectly, exchange-range thinks it's exchanging the
full contents of two files and clears the reflink flag on the broken
file. That enables an extending write of the broken file to rewrite the
shared block that's just past EOF. This has become known colloquially
as refluxfs.
Once the file sizes are set correctly, the second exchange-range no
longer thinks that it's doing a full-contents swap, so it won't clear
the reflink flag on either of its file arguments.
Norbert followed up to an earlier version of this patch with a second
complaint about us not handling the i_disk_size state correctly:
> The offsets are bounded against the incore i_size but subtracted from
>
---truncated---1dCVE-2026-98973—4.7%
——1In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
drm/bridge: Fix unlocked list_del in drm_bridge_add()
When re-adding a bridge that was previously removed, drm_bridge_add()
drops it from bridge_lingering_list without holding bridge_lock.
Both bridge_list and bridge_lingering_list are protected by bridge_lock,
as they are concurrently modified by drm_bridge_remove() and
__drm_bridge_free(), and walked by the debugfs 'bridges' file. Running
the list_empty() test and the list_del_init() outside of the lock may
therefore corrupt either list.
Perform both under bridge_lock.2dCVE-2026-98972—5.4%
——2In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
cgroup/cpuset: Don't access cpuset_cgrp_subsys.root in is_in_v2_mode()
After seeing the patch [1] to guard is_in_v2_mode() with RCU, it makes
me realize that is_in_v2_mode() may be called in a context where a new
cgroup filesystem is being rebound with stale cpuset_cgrp_subsys.root
pointer. Avoid this potential UaF situation by adding a new cpuset_v2_mode
flag which is set when the cpuset_v2_mode mount option is used. This
flag is written into only when cpuset_bind() is being called with a
stable cpuset_cgrp_subsys.root value. The is_in_v2_mode() helper is
modified to read the new cpuset_v2_mode flag instead of accessing
cpuset_cgrp_subsys.root directly.
[1] https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/20260929084124.626693-2-arighi@nvidia.com2dCVE-2026-98971—6.2%
——2In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
gpio: exar: initialize the ID before registering its cleanup
devm_add_action_or_reset() invokes the cleanup action immediately when
registering the action fails. gpio_exar_probe() currently stores the
allocated ID in exar_gpio only after registering the action, so that
failure makes exar_devm_ida_free() release ID 0. If the allocated ID is
nonzero, this leaks that ID and can free ID 0 belonging to another device.
Store the ID before registering the cleanup action so both the immediate
failure path and normal device teardown release the correct allocation.2dCVE-2026-98970—6.2%
——2In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
drm/vc4: Free the BO cache size list on teardown
vc4_bo_cache_destroy() purges the cached BOs but never frees the size
list, leaking it on every unbind.2dCVE-2026-98969—6.2%
——2In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
net/sched: em_text: reject unterminated algo before autoload
This is a follow-up to commit 9c572a83037a ("net/sched: fix potential
stack infoleak in em_text_dump()"), which zero-initialised the dump-side
struct. Sashiko pointed at a pre-existing bug that exposed the change-side
input-validation gap open.
em_text_change() casts the raw netlink attribute payload to struct
tcf_em_text and passes conf->algo, a 16-byte array with no enforced NUL
terminator, to textsearch_prepare(). On the TS_AUTOLOAD retry
textsearch_prepare() calls request_module("ts_%s", algo); vsnprintf()
walks %s until it finds a NUL, so an algo[] with no NUL reads past the
array into the adjacent struct fields and payload and feeds those bytes
to the usermode helper command line. This is an out-of-bounds read and
a kernel memory disclosure.
Reject the attribute when no NUL exists within TC_EM_TEXT_ALGOSIZ bytes,
matching the check xt_string has had since 3ab720881b6e.
Conditions to recreate the bug:
- CAP_NET_ADMIN on the target netns (namespace-local via unshare -Urn
is enough)
- install clsact on an interface, then add a basic filter with one text
ematch whose algo[] is 16 bytes with no NUL (e.g. "A"*16) and
pattern_len at least 1
- the add fails with -ENOENT and the kernel invokes modprobe with a
module name made of "ts_" plus the 16 bytes and the adjacent payload2dCVE-2026-989688.1 ALT42.2%
——13In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
amt: send the relay's General Query directly from the receive path
An skb queued in a qdisc can outlive the tunnel it references
through a raw pointer in skb->cb. For example, with igmp_qrv set
to 1 on the relay a tunnel lives for 135s, so a netem delay of
180s on the amt device outlives it; when the tunnel expires and is
freed, the subsequent dequeue triggers a use-after-free in
amt_dev_xmit().
BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in amt_dev_xmit+0x2763/0x2e20
Call Trace:
amt_dev_xmit+0x2763/0x2e20 [drivers/net/amt.c:1262]
dev_hard_start_xmit+0x22f/0x620
sch_direct_xmit+0x12e/0xac0
netem_dequeue+0x333/0xc50
net_tx_action+0x35c/0xa60
amt_send_igmp_gq() and amt_send_mld_gq() are only called from
amt_request_handler(), inside the rcu_read_lock_bh() section of
amt_rcv(). amt_request_handler() already has the tunnel the query is
for: it found or created it inside that section. Queuing the query with
dev_queue_xmit() only leads back into amt_dev_xmit(), which strips the
Ethernet header and calls amt_send_membership_query() for that tunnel.
Make that call directly from the two senders instead, the same way
amt_send_advertisement() transmits from the receive path. The query
never waits in a qdisc, the tunnel is only dereferenced inside the
RCU section that found or created it, and nothing is stored in
skb->cb, so no lookup or refcount is needed. Remove the query branch
of amt_dev_xmit(), amt_skb_cb() and struct amt_skb_cb, which have no
users left.
Behaviour changes:
- The relay's own General Queries no longer pass through the amt
device's egress path: its qdisc, tc egress (clsact/tcx), the
netfilter egress hook and packet taps. They are still visible as
UDP on the underlay.
- A query that is sent successfully is no longer counted as
tx_dropped. The old query branch left through the unlock label,
which counted every sent query as dropped.
- A query that reaches amt_dev_xmit() on a relay from elsewhere,
such as a userspace querier, is now dropped at the IGMP/MLD type
switch. Before, it trusted whatever skb->cb held, and a NULL
tunnel hit the WARN_ON(1).1dCVE-2026-98967—7.1%
——2In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
cxgb4/ch_ktls: disable softirqs around tid_list erases
chcr_ktls_cpl_act_open_rpl() inserts into tid_list from the receive path
using xa_insert_bh(). The array is shared by the adapter's connections
and initialized with XA_FLAGS_LOCK_BH. However, chcr_ktls_dev_del() and
the chcr_ktls_dev_add() error path use xa_erase(), which takes the XArray
lock without disabling softirqs.
When cleanup runs with softirqs enabled, a receive softirq for another
connection on the same CPU can interrupt the erase and spin on the lock
held by the interrupted task. Use xa_erase_bh() at both sites to match
the insertion path.2dCVE-2026-98966—4.7%
——1In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
bonding: fix the program leak when XDP is replaced
We need to release the reference on the old BPF prog, whether
we are going to no-prog, or replacing the prog with another.
Spotted by AI while running tests for the propagation series
(leaked programs were accumulating). Selftest will come in
the net-next series to avoid conflicts.2dCVE-2026-989657.5 ALT44.4%
——13In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
ice: Restore Ordered MMIO Writes for Tx Doorbells
The DQL accounting state which tracks the number of bytes queued for the
NIC to transmit, namely dql->num_queued, is updated by the ICE driver
when it invokes __netdev_tx_sent_queue(). Subsequently the driver
updates the hardware queue tail allowing the NIC to begin processing the
work queue. The queue accounting update should be ordered before the NIC
begins transmitting descriptors.
The transmit path currently updates the hardware doorbell using
writel_relaxed(), which (on arm64) does not provide the same ordering
guarantees between writes to normal memory and writes to MMIO registers
that writel() does. This introduces a potential race where the NIC
begins transmitting descriptors before the dql->num_queued update is
globally visible. If the NIC finishes before the update is observed by
dql_completed(), it detects an invalid state where more bytes have been
completed than have been queued. When this happens the following BUG_ON
is triggered.
BUG_ON(count > num_queued - dql->num_completed);
This has been observed and manifests as the following crash (note that
the trace has been trimmed) in an environment with sustained network
load that uses an Intel Corporation Ethernet Controller E810-XXV for SFP
(rev 02) on an arm64 machine. Replacing writel_relaxed() with writel()
in a test kernel eliminated the crash in the user's workload, which
previously reproduced the issue reliably.
kernel BUG at lib/dynamic_queue_limits.c:99
Internal error: Oops - BUG: 00000000f2000800 [#1] SMP
pc : dql_completed+0x268/0x2a0
lr : ice_clean_tx_irq+0x1d4/0x620 [ice]
Call trace:
dql_completed+0x268/0x2a0 (P)
ice_napi_poll+0x94/0x520 [ice]
__napi_poll+0x48/0x3f0
net_rx_action+0x194/0x420
This restores the behaviour prior to commit ccde82e90946 ("ice: add E830
Earliest TxTime First Offload support"), which changed the notification
mechanism from writel() to writel_relaxed().1dCVE-2026-989647.5 ALT45.0%
——14In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
nvmet: use the local P2P device on metadata allocation failure
nvmet_req_alloc_p2pmem_sgls() assigns req->p2p_dev only after the data
and metadata SGL allocations succeed. If the data allocation succeeds
but the metadata allocation fails, out_free_sg passes req->p2p_dev to
pci_p2pmem_free_sgl() before that assignment has taken place.
Pass the local p2p_dev argument instead, so cleanup uses the same PCI
device as the successful data allocation.1dCVE-2026-98963—6.8%
——2In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
btrfs: always return -EIOCBQUEUED after btrfs_uring_read_extent_endio
If all bios finish before btrfs_encoded_read_regular_fill_pages()
returns, it calls btrfs_uring_read_extent_endio() and previously
returned the I/O status. A negative errno then made
btrfs_uring_read_extent() unlock and free while
btrfs_uring_read_finished() did the same again.
Return -EIOCBQUEUED so only the deferred path cleans up.2dCVE-2026-98962—6.8%
——2In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
btrfs: free iov when btrfs_uring_read_extent() fails
After btrfs_uring_read_extent(), the caller always jumped to out_acct.
That skips kfree(data->iov), which is only correct for -EIOCBQUEUED
where the deferred path owns the iov. On failure, fall through to
out_free instead.2dCVE-2026-98961—5.8%
——2In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
btrfs: unlock inode and extent in caller when io_uring read extent fails
btrfs_uring_read_extent() runs only after btrfs_encoded_read() has taken
the inode shared lock and the extent lock. On failure it used to unlock
in out_fail, and a pages-array allocation failure returned -ENOMEM
without unlocking at all.
Unlock in the caller instead on all failure returns, matching the
copy_to_user() error path. The deferred -EIOCBQUEUED path still unlocks
in btrfs_uring_read_finished().2dCVE-2026-98960—4.7%
——1In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
btrfs: don't stash io_uring encoded data across -EAGAIN
Returning -EAGAIN while leaving btrfs_uring_encoded_data in the cmd PDU
leaks if the request is cancelled or the ring exits before reissue.
io_uring does not free driver PDU allocations on cleanup.
Write: io_queue_sqe() always issues with IO_URING_F_NONBLOCK first, so
return -EAGAIN before allocating and free data on every exit.
Read: free on nowait -EAGAIN too; only -EIOCBQUEUED keeps the allocation
for btrfs_uring_read_finished().2dCVE-2026-989599.8 CRÍ48.7%
——15In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
btrfs: fix xattr replace when multiple xattrs are packed in the same item
If we have a btrfs_dir_item item that packs multiple xattrs and then we
replace the value of one of them (with the setxattr(2) family of syscalls)
with another value of a different size, we end up not having a fully
initialized btrfs_dir_item, resulting in a corruption that the tree
checker will detect at extent buffer writeback time.
This is because in btrfs_setxattr() when we find a btrfs_dir_item with
multiple xattrs (due to the crc32c hash of their name being the same)
we delete one of the xattr items (btrfs_dir_item) and then insert a new
one, but the deletion and insertion results in shifting existing data in
the leaf and therefore when the new value of a xattr has a different size,
the new btrfs_dir_item is placed in a leaf section that was not
initialized and we only copy the value's data and set the value's length
in the new btrfs_dir_item, without setting the name, the name's length,
the key (which must be all zeroes for xattrs), flags (BTRFS_FT_XATTR) and
transaction ID.
The following script reproduces the issue:
$ cat test.sh
#!/bin/bash
DEV=/dev/sdi
MNT=/mnt/sdi
mkfs.btrfs -f $DEV
mount $DEV $MNT
touch $MNT/testfile
# Add two xattrs that, on btrfs, have the same hash (crc32c) for their
# name and therefore are packed into the same btrfs_dir_item.
setfattr -n user.foobar -v 123 $MNT/testfile
setfattr -n user.WvG1c1Td -v qwerty $MNT/testfile
# Verify the xattrs are present.
echo "xattrs before:"
getfattr --absolute-names --dump $MNT/testfile
# Now replace the value of the foobar xattr with a significantly larger
# value.
setfattr -n user.foobar -v abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz $MNT/testfile
# Check the xattrs have the expected values.
echo "xattrs after:"
getfattr --absolute-names --dump $MNT/testfile
umount $MNT
Running it:
$ ./test.sh
(...)
xattrs before:
# file: /mnt/sdi/testfile
user.WvG1c1Td="qwerty"
user.foobar="123"
xattrs after:
# file: /mnt/sdi/testfile
user.WvG1c1Td="qwerty"
So the "user.foobar" xattr is missing and there was a transaction abort
when unmounting the fs with the following traces in dmesg:
$ dmesg
[869800.159271] BTRFS warning (device sdi): access to eb bytenr 30474240 len 16384 out of range start 16015 len 25964
[869800.159293] ------------[ cut here ]------------
[869800.159296] WARNING: fs/btrfs/extent_io.c:4408 at report_eb_range+0x44/0x60 [btrfs], CPU#8: getfattr/2605179
[869800.168961] Modules linked in: btrfs dm_thin_pool (...)
[869800.190527] CPU: 8 UID: 0 PID: 2605179 Comm: getfattr Tainted: G W 7.3.0-rc3-btrfs-next-244+ #1 PREEMPT(full)
[869800.193726] Tainted: [W]=WARN
[869800.194502] Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS rel-1.16.2-0-gea1b7a073390-prebuilt.qemu.org 04/01/2014
[869800.197576] RIP: 0010:report_eb_range+0x44/0x60 [btrfs]
[869800.198985] Code: 48 8b 7b 18 (...)
[869800.203531] RSP: 0018:ffffce4541937d58 EFLAGS: 00010246
[869800.204609] RAX: 0000000000000000 RBX: ffff8dde054b8738 RCX: 0000000000000000
[869800.206137] RDX: 0000000000000000 RSI: 0000000000000001 RDI: ffffffffc04c92a0
[869800.207645] RBP: 0000000000003e8f R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 3fffffffffefffff
[869800.226175] R10: ffffce4541937a88 R11: 0000000000000003 R12: 000000000000656c
[869800.227594] R13: ffff8dde14be800f R14: 000000000000656c R15: 0000000000000069
[869800.229097] FS: 00007f59023bb780(0000) GS:ffff8de5788ed000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000
[869800.231137] CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033
[869800.232321] CR2: 0000558dc45e6a78 CR3: 0000000765b16004 CR4: 0000000000370ef0
[869800.233783] Call Trace:
[869800.234330] <TASK>
[869800.234791] read_extent_buffer+0x4d/0x100 [btrfs]
[869800.235898] btrfs_listxattr+0x199/0x240 [btrfs]
[869800.236912] vfs_listxattr+0x51/0
---truncated---1dCVE-2026-98958—6.8%
——2In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
wifi: mt76: account non-AQL frames per peer rather than per link
The driver increments wcid->non_aql_packets when a frame goes to the
hardware queue. The completion path decrements the counter again.
For an MLO peer, the hardware reports the completion on the link that it
used for the transmission. This link can differ from the link that the
driver queued the frame on. In that case, the increment and the
decrement go to different link wcids, and the count drifts upwards until
it blocks the station.
Keep the count on the wcid of the primary link, like the other peer-wide
state.2dCVE-2026-98957—7.1%
——2In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
wifi: mt76: mt7915: disable rx napi when removing device
Unloading the mt7915e module with a MT7916 triggers multiples WARN in
__netif_napi_del_locked() and in page_pool_disable_direct_recycling()
because the driver does not disable the napi before destroying it.
This is troublesome since on MT7916 it is required to unload the module
and reinsert it with a different enable_6ghz parameter to change the
frequency. The system generally becomes unstable after reinserting the
module.
Fix it by disabling rx napi inside mt7915e itself, even through napi rx is
enabled in the mt76 generic code. Disabling it in the mt76 generic code
was previously attempted and reverted because napi was disabled too
late and rx handlers could access freed structures. Note that the tx
side is enabled and disabled by the mt76 generic code.
It is disabled in mt7915_stop_hardware() since, unlike
mt7915_unregister_device(), is it also called in the probe path if an
error happens after rx napi is enabled.2dCVE-2026-98956—6.1%
——2In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
ASoC: adau1372: allow sleepy powerdown GPIOs
gpiod_set_value() emits a WARN when the GPIO provider indicates that it
can sleep, as is typical for I2C controlled GPIO expanders. Since the
powerdown GPIO is only manipulated in process context, use the _cansleep
variant instead. This lets the driver use sleepy GPIOs to power off the
chip.2dCVE-2026-98955—6.2%
——2In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
flow_dissector: avoid u16 truncation of skb->len when computing thoff
__skb_flow_dissect() computes key_control->thoff using:
key_control->thoff = min_t(u16, nhoff, skb ? skb->len : hlen);
min_t(u16, ...) casts both arguments to u16 before comparing them.
Whenever skb->len (or hlen) modulo 65536 is smaller than nhoff, the
truncated length wins and thoff is set to a bogus small value, even
when the dissection succeeded. For example, an IPv4/TCP frame with
skb->len == 65540 and nhoff == 34 gets thoff == 4, so callers such as
skb_probe_transport_header() point the transport header inside the
Ethernet header.
Such skbs are not exotic:
- At the time of commit d0c081b49137 ("flow_dissector: properly cap
thoff field"), AF_PACKET with PACKET_VNET_HDR could already build GSO
skbs larger than 64KB (MTU checks are skipped for GSO, and
alloc_skb_with_frags() accepted up to MAX_SKB_FRAGS (17) order-0
pages on top of the linear part).
- BIG TCP now makes skbs larger than 64KB common.
- The following patch makes tun_get_user() dissect IFF_TAP frames
before eth_type_trans() pulls the Ethernet header, so a GSO frame
carrying a 65522..65535 byte L3 packet will be dissected with
skb->len in [65536, 65549].
Compare as u32 instead. If the resulting offset cannot be represented
in the u16 key_control->thoff, cap it to U16_MAX and report the
dissection as failed rather than silently returning a wrong transport
offset. thoff is still set on failure, as some callers (such as
eth_get_headlen()) use it regardless of the return value.2dCVE-2026-98954—6.7%
——2In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
net: always dissect GSO packets in __virtio_net_hdr_to_skb()
Commit 9e8db5913264 ("net: avoid false positives in untrusted gso
validation") added a '&& skb->network_header' check before flow-dissecting
GSO packets without VIRTIO_NET_HDR_F_NEEDS_CSUM in
__virtio_net_hdr_to_skb(), because some callers (such as tun_get_user(),
tun_xdp_one(), virtnet_receive_done(), and raw_verify_header()) called
virtio_net_hdr_*_to_skb() before initializing skb->network_header and
skb->dev.
Because __alloc_skb() and __build_skb_around() zero-initialize
skb->network_header to 0 (unlike mac_header and transport_header which
are initialized to ~0U), those four callers always had
skb->network_header == 0 and bypassed flow dissection in
__virtio_net_hdr_to_skb(). More generally, skb->network_header is an
offset from skb->head (where 0 is also a valid offset whenever
skb_headroom(skb) is 0), not a boolean flag.
Whenever the 'if (gso_type && skb->network_header)' branch was skipped,
the fallback 'else if (gso_type)' only pulled nh_min_len + thlen (40 bytes
for TCPv4) without dissecting the packet, without validating ip_proto or
n_proto, and without setting skb->transport_header.
If the packet has a malformed network header, it is not rejected and a
subsequent skb_probe_transport_header() also fails, leaving
skb->transport_header at ~0U (0xffff). Similarly, if an IPv4 packet
carries IP options (ihl > 5) or an IPv6 packet carries extension headers,
pulling only nh_min_len + thlen can leave the TCP header outside
skb->head. In both cases, tcp_hdrlen(skb) in skb_gso_transport_seglen()
reads out-of-bounds:
BUG: KASAN: slab-out-of-bounds in skb_gso_transport_seglen
Read of size 2 by task poc/133
skb_gso_transport_seglen (net/core/gso.c:155)
skb_gso_validate_mac_len (net/core/gso.c:270)
tbf_enqueue (net/sched/sch_tbf.c:260)
dev_qdisc_enqueue (net/core/dev.c:4227)
__dev_queue_xmit (net/core/dev.c:4884)
In addition, checking virtio_net_hdr_match_proto() only inside
'if (!skb->protocol)' before flow dissection both skipped validation when
skb->protocol was pre-set by the caller and rejected VLAN-tagged frames
whose outer L2 protocol is ETH_P_8021Q or ETH_P_8021AD.
Fix this by:
1. Initializing skb->dev and skb->network_header (plus skb->protocol for
IFF_TUN) before virtio_net_hdr_*_to_skb() in tun_get_user(),
tun_xdp_one(), virtnet_receive_done(), and raw_verify_header(). In
tun_get_user(), drop the redundant skb_reset_mac_header(skb) in the
IFF_TUN case since __virtio_net_hdr_to_skb() unconditionally resets
mac_header.
2. Removing '&& skb->network_header' and the unvalidated
'else if (gso_type)' fallback in __virtio_net_hdr_to_skb() so all GSO
packets without VIRTIO_NET_HDR_F_NEEDS_CSUM are flow-dissected, have
their transport header pulled into linear data, and have
skb->transport_header set.
3. Moving the virtio_net_hdr_match_proto() check to after
skb_flow_dissect_flow_keys_basic(), validating keys.basic.n_proto
against hdr_gso_type.2dCVE-2026-98953—7.0%
——2In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
devlink: fix devlink_rel reference leak when notify work is pending
devlink_rel_nested_in_notify_work_schedule() takes a reference on the
devlink_rel for the notify work and then queues the work, ignoring the
return value of schedule_delayed_work(). If the work is already pending,
nothing new is queued, the work runs only once and drops only one
reference, so the extra one is leaked together with the devlink_rel and
its index in devlink_rels.
This is easy to hit. devl_register() of a nested instance queues the
work, and if the instance is unregistered before the work has run,
devlink_rel_put() queues it again while it is still pending. The work
also keeps rescheduling itself for as long as the parent devlink lock
cannot be taken, which widens the window. Registering and unregistering
a nested devlink instance 100 times while holding the parent lock leaks
all 100 devlink_rel objects.
The reschedule path in devlink_rel_nested_in_notify_work() has the same
problem: if the work was queued again while it was running, the
reference it holds is never dropped.
Drop the reference in both places when the work was already pending.
The pending work holds its own reference, so this can not be the last
one.2dCVE-2026-989527.3 ALT31.4%
——9In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
pfcp: make sure the SEID is linear before reading it
pfcp_encap_recv() only makes sure that the UDP header and the 4 byte
PFCP header are in the linear area. When the S flag is set,
pfcp_session_recv() then reads the 8 byte SEID that follows, which is
not covered by the pskb_may_pull() check.
A short PFCP packet with the S flag set, or one whose session header
lies in a fragment, therefore makes pfcp_session_recv() read beyond the
end of the packet data, and whatever it finds there is stored in the
tunnel metadata that flower later classifies on.
Pull up to the end of the SEID before reading it, and drop packets
that are too short to contain it. Reload the header pointer afterwards
since pskb_may_pull() may reallocate the skb head.
Use offsetofend() rather than sizeof(struct pfcphdr_session): the
structure is not packed, so its size is 16 bytes because of the
alignment of the __be64 member, while the header on the wire is only 12
bytes, and valid session messages would be dropped.1dCVE-2026-98951—4.7%
——1In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
riscv: ptrace: Zero-initialize regset buffers before copyin
user_regset_copyin() only copies `count` bytes, so a PTRACE_SETREGSET
request with a short iov_len leaves the rest of the stack buffer
uninitialized. In riscv_vr_set() that garbage is validated and copied
into the target's vstate, and in riscv_cfi_set() it can be stored as
the target's shadow stack pointer. Zero both buffers, as the get path
already does.2dCVE-2026-98950—7.1%
——2In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
flow_dissector: avoid u16 truncation of hlen in bpf_flow_dissect()
bpf_flow_dissect() sanitizes the offsets returned by the BPF program
with clamp_t(u16, ..., hlen).
If hlen is bigger than 65535, the upper bound is truncated before
the comparison. For instance, with hlen == 65536, both nhoff and
thoff are forced to zero, even if the program returned sane values.
This is the same class of bug as the one fixed in commit 99bda1ecbd56
("flow_dissector: avoid u16 truncation of skb->len when computing
thoff"). That fix does not cover the BPF path, because
__skb_flow_dissect() returns early when a BPF flow dissector
handles the packet.
struct bpf_flow_keys stores nhoff and thoff as u16, so cap hlen
to U16_MAX before clamping.
Found by sashiko while reviewing the commit above.2dCVE-2026-98949—6.1%
——2In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
drm/imagination: Fix reference and vm_bo handling in remap()
When a map overlaps part of an existing mapping, pvr_vm_gpuva_remap()
splits the mapping into prev/next parts covering what the request did
not take, instead of creating something new. It gets two things wrong.
- A GEM reference is taken for each part but it's never needed and never
dropped, so it leaks one reference per split (remap-next-in-2m in
tests/imagination/pvr_vm_map.c):
CRITICAL: 33558528 bytes of shmem still held after close
- The parts still belong to the original object being split, but
pvr_vm_gpuva_remap() links them to ctx->gpuvm_bo, the new object's
vm_bo:
prev_va --obj--> BO_A BO_B <--obj-- vm_bo (ctx->gpuvm_bo)
\___________link___________/ (mismatch: BO_A != BO_B)
drm_gpuva_link() catches the mismatch:
WARNING: drivers/gpu/drm/drm_gpuvm.c:2108 at drm_gpuva_link+0x2ec/0x310
drm_WARN_ON(obj != vm_bo->obj)
Call trace:
drm_gpuva_link
pvr_vm_gpuva_remap
__drm_gpuvm_sm_map
pvr_vm_map
pvr_ioctl_vm_map
Link them to op->remap.unmap->va->vm_bo instead.
The locking of the GPUVA lists of the other objects touched by a split is
not addressed here; it is handled by switching the GPUVM to immediate
mode.2dCVE-2026-98948—6.1%
——2In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
mlxsw: spectrum_flower: Fix port range register leak in tmplt_create()
mlxsw_sp_flower_tmplt_create() parses a flow_cls_offload template
into a stack-local struct mlxsw_sp_acl_rule_info purely to compute
rulei.values.elusage. Parsing can acquire port range registers via
mlxsw_sp_flower_parse_ports_range(), but since this rulei never goes
through mlxsw_sp_acl_rulei_destroy(), those registers were never
released, including through chain template deletion.
Factor out of mlxsw_sp_acl_rulei_destroy() the code to actually
release the necessary resources and call from
mlxsw_sp_flower_tmplt_create() to plug the leak.
The issue was found during a review of Wentao Liang's patch referenced
below.2dCVE-2026-98947—6.2%
——2In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
vsock: Fix memory leak in vmci_transport_recv_dgram_cb()
During the closure of a datagram socket, the vmci_transport_recv_dgram_cb()
function may be called, which will add the packets
to the socket's backlog; then, after the receive queue is cleared,
the __release_sock() function will move the packet back from the socket's
backlog to the receive queue, which will lead to a memory leak.
sock_close
__sock_release
__vsock_release
// take ownership by user-space
lock_sock_nested
sock_set_flag(sk, SOCK_DEAD)
vmci_transport_release
vmci_dispatch_dgs
vmci_datagram_invoke_guest_handler
vmci_transport_recv_dgram_cb
sk_receive_skb
if (!sock_owned_by_user(sk))
[...]
(!) else if sk_add_backlog()
[...]
(!) skb_queue_purge(&sk->sk_receive_queue)
release_sock
__release_sock
// move all packets from the backlog
// to the receive queue
(!) sk_backlog_rcv
vsock_queue_rcv_skb
[...]
__sock_queue_rcv_skb
if (!sock_flag(sk, SOCK_DEAD))
// Since the socket is "dead", the function will not
// be called
sk->sk_data_ready(sk)
sock_release_ownership(sk);
sock_put
Add a receive queue cleanup in the socket destructor to fix this.
syzkaller report:
unreferenced object 0xffff8880117bfb80 (size 240):
comm "irq/56-vmw_vmci", pid 205, jiffies 4295064448 (age 73.992s)
hex dump (first 32 bytes):
78 dc 26 1e 80 88 ff ff 78 dc 26 1e 80 88 ff ff x.&.....x.&.....
00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 c0 da 26 1e 80 88 ff ff ..........&.....
backtrace:
[<ffffffff82be8d97>] __alloc_skb+0x287/0x330 net/core/skbuff.c:505
[<ffffffffa114bcbd>] vmci_transport_recv_dgram_cb+0xbd/0x210 [vmw_vsock_vmci_transport]
[<ffffffffa05072c6>] vmci_datagram_invoke_guest_handler+0x366/0x450 [vmw_vmci]
[<ffffffffa050ad75>] vmci_dispatch_dgs+0x235/0x490 [vmw_vmci]
[<ffffffffa050b025>] vmci_interrupt+0x55/0x290 [vmw_vmci]
[<ffffffff8137ad2b>] irq_thread_fn+0x8b/0x1a0 kernel/irq/manage.c:1205
[<ffffffff8137c7ae>] irq_thread+0x28e/0x530 kernel/irq/manage.c:1314
[<ffffffff81253dd6>] kthread+0x2e6/0x3a0 kernel/kthread.c:376
[<ffffffff81004392>] ret_from_fork+0x22/0x30 arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S:295
Found by InfoTeCS on behalf of Linux Verification Center
(linuxtesting.org) with Syzkaller.2dCVE-2026-98946—5.4%
——2In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
drm/vc4: Disable the V3D interrupt across runtime suspend
vc4_irq_disable() masks the V3D interrupt sources and then calls
synchronize_irq() before the V3D is powered down. However, by itself,
this is not enough to quiesce the interrupt handler.
synchronize_irq() waits for handlers that have already set
IRQD_IRQ_INPROGRESS, and for irqchips reporting IRQCHIP_STATE_ACTIVE.
A GIC interrupt chip is able to mark an interrupt active as soon as a
CPU acknowledges it, so there these checks cover the whole dispatch path.
On RPi 0-3, however, the interrupt controller is ARMCTRL, which has no
active state. A CPU that has read the hwirq out of the pending register
but has not yet reached handle_level_irq() stays invisible to
synchronize_irq().
During a power transition, vc4_irq() may therefore run after the power
domain is off, where every V3D register read will return 0xdeadbeef.
0xdeadbeef has FLDONE, FRDONE and OUTOMEM set. This problem doesn't
trigger NULL pointer dereference issues only because the functions
vc4_irq_finish_bin_job() and vc4_irq_finish_render_job() return early
when there is no job pointer, but OUTOMEM is still able to schedule
vc4_overflow_mem_work() after vc4_irq_disable() has already cancelled it.
Therefore, fix the spurious interrupts by disabling the interrupt line
across the PM transition. To preserve the enable/disable balance, move
vc4_irq_install() and request the IRQ line disabled before the first
runtime resume.2dCVE-2026-989457.8 ALT5.5%
——2In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
HID: steam: Rearrange teardown sequence
This fixes a narrow window during the teardown sequence where callbacks
could still be scheduled during cleanup that would then have a dangling
pointer to the now-freed steam struct.
This also puts work canceling for rumble and mode switch in
steam_unregister, as that shouldn't persist while the client hdev is open.1dCVE-2026-989447.8 ALT6.9%
——2In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
HID: steam: Refactor registration
This refactors and simplifies the registration/unregistration flow. Since
we now only perform registration when the client isn't opened anymore, the
logic for handling that can be removed, and the rest of the function
streamlined.
We also remove the previous assumption that we have a serial number to show
we're registered, replacing it with a single purpose boolean.
In a previous refactor the code for unregistering a battery if later
registration steps failed was accidentally left out. As a result, a
lingering power_supply object could get left over after the steam object
was torn down. This is also fixed here.1dCVE-2026-98943—7.0%
——2In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
HID: steam: Clean up locking
This cleans up several issues with locking behavior, including RCU accesses
not being guarded behind a lock.2dCVE-2026-98942—5.4%
——2In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
sched_ext: Build the cid tables privately and publish them with RCU
The cid tables are visible to the cid kfuncs while being modified: the
first enable publishes the global pointers before filling them,
ops.init_cids() overrides rewrite them in place, and re-enables rebuild
them in place. A racing TRACING or SYSCALL program can read unfilled
entries, including uninitialized memory in the kmalloc'd tables, or torn
topo updates.
Tie the tables' lifetimes to the root sched instead: each root enable
builds a fresh set privately and publishes the per-table __rcu globals once
the layout is final, and root disable unpublishes and RCU-frees the set. A
non-NULL global is now always a fully built table which stays valid for the
reader's RCU read section, and lookups stay two loads. Kfuncs treat NULL as
no-mapping, also after the scheduler exits instead of reporting the stale
last mapping.
The cid kfuncs are available whether the root scheduler is cid-form or
cpu-form, the latter to allow gradual migration to cids. Every root
therefore builds and publishes a default mapping.
Every reader must either be gated on scheduler liveness or NULL-check
inside an RCU read section. Fix the two kfuncs that were neither:
scx_bpf_this_cid() read the table with no RCU or preemption protection and
scx_bpf_task_cid() relied on KF_RCU, which doesn't put a sleepable program
in an RCU read section. The hotplug callbacks are instead serialized by
retiring the tables inside the cpus_read_lock() section that clears
scx_root.
v2: Document why every root builds the tables (desc + cid.c comment).2dCVE-2026-989417.0 ALT3.4%
——1In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
ext4: don't enable large folios on encrypted inodes
Commit 709f0f1f1bf5 ("ext4: add checks for large folio
incompatibilities when BS > PS") disables large folios at mount time
if the "encrypt" feature is set. However, enabling that feature on a
mounted filesystem circumvents that check, and writing encrypted data
results in a crash:
BUG: kernel NULL pointer dereference, address: 0000000000000028
Workqueue: ext4-rsv-conversion ext4_end_io_rsv_work
RIP: 0010:ext4_finish_bio+0xf7/0x3e0
Call Trace:
ext4_release_io_end+0x51/0x110
ext4_end_io_end+0x4c/0xe0
ext4_end_io_rsv_work+0xb3/0x100
Fix this by disabling large folios on encrypted inodes, as is
already done for inodes that use data journaling.
This affects all kernels between v6.19 and v7.2, but it is not needed
in v7.3, where the code was significantly refactored.1dCVE-2026-98940—6.1%
——2In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
ASoC: qcom: lpass-cpu: use DAI table index for playback constraints
The DAI ID is a hardware port ID and is not necessarily the index of
the corresponding entry in variant->dai_driver.
When configuring a DAI with LPAIF_I2SCTL_MODE_QUAD01, the probe code
currently uses dai_id to index variant->dai_driver. This is incorrect
for platforms where DAI IDs are sparse. For example, the IPQ806x MI2S
DAI has ID 4 while it is the only entry in the DAI driver table. If
that DAI is configured for QUAD01 and probe reaches this branch, the
code writes beyond that single entry via dai_driver[4] instead of
updating the DAI being processed.
Use the loop index i when updating the current DAI's playback channel
constraints, while retaining dai_id for indexing the hardware-port
specific playback SD-line mode array.
This fixes the incorrect DAI table access for platforms where the DAI
ID does not match its position in the driver table.2dCVE-2026-98939—5.8%
——2In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
x86/mm: Drop unnecessary PMD page copy when freeing
On a box with a discrete GPU, lockdep reports a possible deadlock as
soon as kswapd shrinks the TTM page pool. The immediate cause is an
x86 commit that added an mmap_read_lock() to kernel page protection
munging code.
The huge vmap code holds the same lock over a GFP_KERNEL allocation,
which is a no-no now that reclaim can take it. That allocation is in a
page table *free* path and ends up being for dubious purposes[1].
Basically, it tries to avoid hardware setting Accessed=1 in page table
entries that are unreachable by the hardware, a non-issue.
Remove the PMD copy. Detach the original PMD page at the PUD, flush
the mid-level caches, and free the PTE tables straight from the
detached PMD page. With no allocation left, the locking issue is gone.
Lockdep splat/analysis:
WARNING: possible circular locking dependency detected
7.3.0-rc3-f6e7b42bf05b+ #183 Tainted: G U
------------------------------------------------------
kswapd0/269 is trying to acquire lock:
((init_mm).mmap_lock){++++}-{4:4}, at: change_page_attr_set_clr+0x29a/0x4a0
but task is already holding lock:
(pool_shrink_rwsem){.+.+}-{4:4}, at: ttm_pool_shrink+0xb2/0x330 [ttm]
Chain exists of:
(init_mm).mmap_lock --> fs_reclaim --> pool_shrink_rwsem
The cycle is built from three edges:
1) pool_shrink_rwsem -> (init_mm).mmap_lock
The TTM shrinker restores the caching attribute of every page it
frees, while holding pool_shrink_rwsem:
ttm_pool_shrink()
-> ttm_pool_dispose_list()
-> ttm_pool_free_page()
-> set_pages_wb()
-> change_page_attr_set_clr() [ init_mm mmap read lock ]
2) fs_reclaim -> pool_shrink_rwsem
The same shrinker, called from reclaim.
3) (init_mm).mmap_lock -> fs_reclaim
ioremap() installing a huge PUD mapping over an existing PMD table:
ioremap_page_range()
-> vmap_range_noflush()
-> vmap_try_huge_pud() [ init_mm mmap read lock ]
-> pud_free_pmd_page()
-> __get_free_page(GFP_KERNEL) [ enters reclaim ]
[ dhansen: Lots of changelog munging/trimming and merged comments from my
version of the fix. ]2dCVE-2026-98938—4.8%
——1In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
rust: irq: pass RegistrationInner as cookie to request_irq
With commit ba268514ea14 ("rust: devres: fix race condition due to
nesting"), Devres::new() returns Result<Self> by value instead of
initializing in-place via PinInit. Because request_irq() is called
inside Devres::new(), registration.inner is still uninitialized when the
IRQ is enabled, so accessing registration.inner.device() in the IRQ
callback can read uninitialized memory.
Fix this by storing the Device and handler pointer in RegistrationInner
and passing RegistrationInner as the IRQ cookie after its fields are
initialized.
This is not needed in mainline because commit 98c63ce4d760 ("rust: irq:
make Registration compatible with lifetime-bound drivers") removed
Devres from irq::Registration and moved request_irq() after all fields
are initialized.2dCVE-2026-98937—6.2%
——2In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
perf/core: Check kernel access when kernel callchains are requested
perf_event_open() currently gates perf_allow_kernel() only on
!attr.exclude_kernel.
However, users can still request kernel callchain collection with
attr.exclude_callchain_kernel == 0 even when attr.exclude_kernel == 1.
That still requires kernel profiling privilege, but the existing check
does not enforce it.
Update the permission check to call perf_allow_kernel() when either
kernel sampling is requested or kernel callchains are requested.
This keeps permission checks aligned with requested data and prevents
unprivileged use of kernel callchain capture.2dCVE-2026-98936—6.1%
——2In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
wifi: ath11k: reset ar->num_stations on hardware start
When (multiple) hw restart occurs, we end up in a situation where we
cannot accept new stations / mesh peers. This seems to be the
'num_stations' in 'struct ath11k' that did not get reset properly in
this case. In ath11k_mac_op_start(), it was indeed the only accounting var
that did not get reset so let's clear it too.
This avoids problems like those:
[1248828.088023] WARNING: CPU: 0 PID: 12281 at net/mac80211/util.c:1682 ieee80211_reconfig_stations+0x98/0xc0
[1248828.088115] Call trace:
[1248828.088116] ieee80211_reconfig_stations+0x98/0xc0 (P)
[1248828.088119] ieee80211_reconfig+0x774/0x1438
[1248828.088123] ieee80211_restart_work+0x10c/0x178
[1248828.088127] process_one_work+0x178/0x3c0
[1248828.088130] worker_thread+0x280/0x440
[1248828.088133] kthread+0xe0/0xf8
[1248828.088137] ret_from_fork+0x10/0x20
[1248828.088141] ---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]---
[1248836.686604] ath11k_pci 0000:04:00.0: refusing to associate station: too many connected already (128)
[1248836.686609] ath11k_pci 0000:04:00.0: Failed to add station: xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx for VDEV: 1
Tested-on: QCN9074 hw1.0 PCI WLAN.HK.2.9.0.1-01977-QCAHKSWPL_SILICONZ-12dCVE-2026-98935—7.0%
——2In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
rtc: dev: zero-initialize struct rtc_wkalrm to prevent information leak
The struct rtc_wkalrm has padding holes after the 'pending' member.
When returned to userspace via the RTC_WKALRM_RD ioctl, uninitialized
kernel stack data residing in these holes may be leaked.
Zero-initialize the struct at declaration to eliminate this information
leak risk.
Fixes smatch warnings:
- drivers/rtc/dev.c:392 rtc_dev_ioctl() warn: check that 'alarm' doesn't
leak information (struct has a hole after 'pending')2d